Criminology and Criminal Justice

Question: Talk about theCriminology and Criminal Justice. Answer: Presentation: The Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians, normally known as the Indigenous People have become the unbalanced casualties and guilty parties identified with manslaughter occurrences, both as far as their relative populace and furthermore in contrast with their non-Indigenous partners. The purpose behind this ought not be elusive for the Australian approach producers, yet it appears they played uninformed to the necessities of this hundreds of years old society of the landmass and consequently automatically added to the development of wrongdoers among the Indigenous people group, according to Bryant (ed.), (2012). The current situation among the Indigenous youth is that a brush with the lawful powers and in any event, getting detained is typical. In any case, socially and humanitarianly, it would be very offending to order the 21st century Indigenous Australians as criminal and imprisoned. There are numerous sublime instances of the Indigenous Australians who have thrived in the general public, regarding sense of pride and furthermore by keeping out of any sort of crimes. On the off chance that they can measure up, without losing their Aborigines and Torres Strait Islanders personality, why cant others. The issue isn't just about lawfulness, it includes a culture which is hundreds of years old and should be obliged into the new stream. It is about a reaction from the network just as the specialists, says Short, (2016). The Assimilation Policy (c. 1940-75) was making mediation in the family life of the Indigenous individuals and making affront their legacy. Truth be told, it was not for improving the Indigenous individuals and make them equipped for embracing the standard Australian culture. This strategy was likewise not for canceling those laws which, under the pretense of insurance, were constraining the opportunity privileges of the Indigenous Australians. Such laws were denying the Indigenous individuals of their government assistance qualifications and were confining their free relationship with the non-Indigenous individuals, particularly in towns and urban communities, clarifies Short, (2016). Accordingly, over the long haul, these four decades had the enduring impacts of imparting this program of lawful changes and institutional changes which made the inclinations of a developing issue among the Indigenous individuals driving them towards crimes. Indeed, even the as of late communicated criminological perspectives by social researchers in their compositions point towards the way that these changing components of digestion added to the criminalisation of the Indigenous culture. Studies led on a segment of Indigenous and non-Indigenous inhabitants of New South Wales, who were conceived in 1984, state Nalla Newman (ed.), (2013), have uncovered that a huge extent (75.6%) of the Indigenous populace when contrasted with just 16.9% of the non-Indigenous individuals in this segment of the city were cautioned by police during the supposed Youth Justice Conference for different offense. Despite the fact that it was discovered that about 25% of the Indigenous individuals had no such past record. Such politically spurred culture drives ingrain in the Indigenous minorities a feeling that their little numbers and frailty, is the primary explanation behind this treatment, according to Nalla Newman (ed.), (2013). This, in Australia, has constrained the Aborigines just as other minority migrant gatherings to receive minimized ways which are more favorable to follow instead of engage in the class or gathering governmental issues. It is, indeed, just a little extent of the Aboriginal populace which is liable for producing a generally high pace of Indigenous criminalisation. For the specialists, just as the social harbingers of the general public, it is then an increasingly significant explanation not to ignore such a noteworthy marvel among the Aboriginal individuals who don't engage in unfriendly exercises with the lawful framework, as proposed by Alexander, (2013). Examinations by the Royal Commission of 1991 uncovered 99 cases ofAboriginal passings in police custodybetween 1 January 1980 and 31 May 1989. The significant discoveries of the commission remembered the demise for 1981 of rugby playerEddie Murray during care at theWee Waapolice station. Significant was the way that Police Commissioner Elliott Johnston lamented the absence of disciplinary charges against five officials saw as associated with the rough demise in 1983 of John Pat, a 16-year-old Aboriginal boy,atRoebourne in Western Australia, says Alexander, (2013). In its last report, the Commission was of the assessment that all these 99 deathswere not in light of viciousness by the police, quote - ... the quick reasons for the passings do exclude injustice, in the feeling of unlawful, intentional murdering of Aboriginal detainees by police and jail officials. More than 33% of the passings (37) were from illness; 30 were self-incurred hangings; 23 were brought about by different type s of outer injury, particularly head wounds; and 9 were quickly connected with risky liquor and other medication use. In fact, overwhelming liquor utilize was engaged with some path in passings in every one of these classes. The section reasons that glaring insufficiencies existed in the standard of care stood to a significant number of the perished. Unquote. Among the imperative discoveries of the Commission were the discoveries that the normal yearly pace of death for an Indigenous individual in police authority had diminished from 4.4 passings per 100,000 individuals somewhere in the range of 1980 and 1989, to 3.8 passings per 100,000 individuals somewhere in the range of 1990 and 1999, according to Carl et al, (2011). It was noticed that during these periods, passings of Indigenous individuals in police activities had diminished from 21% to 18% when examination was made to all passings that happened during authority. While contrasting these figures and manslaughters including the non-Indigenous individuals, it was accounted for that lone 22% were affected by liquor in both the casualties just as guilty parties, says Bryant (ed.), (2012). Utilization of liquor was critical among the Indigenous individuals, revealed at 69% among Indigenous casualties and at 72% among Indigenous wrongdoers, when contrasted with only 27% among the non-Ind igenous casualties and just 31% among non-Indigenous guilty parties. Another factual information acquired from the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (allude to AIHW 2011a and b) additionally affirms that albeit the two networks devour liquor, the Indigenous Australians utilization arrives at destructive levels, passages Carl et al, (2011). Indigenous people group began the association of older folks in the legal framework who took an interest in condemning procedure of the urban Indigenous guilty parties. This training began in 1999 in South Australia following quite a long while of interview among the local gatherings. Impact of this has been found from that point forward in the new legal practices which are being built up in different wards, according to Bryant (ed.), (2012). In spite of the fact that the procedure is requiring some serious energy, foundation of courts in the urban focuses is getting. These courts are putting aside one to three days in a month solely to cases including Indigenous guilty parties, declare Lewis, (2014). The act of including the Indigenous people group in remote zones is likewise assembling force as legal officials embrace travel on the circuit. Remote territory courts remember the Nunga and Aboriginal Courts for South Australia, the Koori Courts in Victoria, the Murri and Rockhampton C ourts in Queensland and Circle Sentencing in New South Wales. Those including the network seniors are those in the condemning circles in remote pieces of Western Australia and New South Wales, incorporating the Justice Groups in Queensland, as per Lewis, (2014). A definitive point of most of 339 suggestions proposed by the Royal Commission into Aboriginal Deaths in Custody (RCIADIC) focussed on decreasing detainment among the Indigenous individuals and expanding their investment in the legal framework either as court staff or as counselors. This has additionally brought about the development of Justice Agreements among numerous conditions of Australia which are perceiving associations between the state government and the different Aboriginal associations for building a superior arrangement of equity and social equity for the Indigenous individuals, says Short, (2016). In the courts presently being built up, uniformity is appeared by the appointed authorities/justices who in spite of the fact that holding a definitive intensity of condemning an Indigenous guilty party, sit at eye level to the Indigenous wrongdoer, over a bar table instead of over the seat. Administrations of a regarded senior Indigenous individual are taken, in spite of the fact that his job differs according to ward territory, as indicated by Nalla Newman (ed.), (2013). This support of a senior beginnings from tending to the guilty party about their social conduct and goes on to assuming a significant job in concluding the sentence and in this manner observing the wrongdoers progress all through the legal procedure. A youthful Indigenous kid, showing up in a court and being made to portray his first offense is without a doubt a frightful and humiliating experience for some first time guilty parties. Here, nearness of a senior or a regarded individual from own locale in the court ends up being powerful as it makes a productive and constructive climate when the senior Indigenous individual talks and supports the wrongdoer, affirm Nalla Newman (ed.), (2013). This confidence promoter is something which was continually ailing in the legal executive, But now, another variety of judges and officers in the criminal courts are receiving an unmistakably increasingly extremist mentality towards conferring criminal equity. They are being upheld by the regulatory parts of the legislatures and the court specialists. Such steady advancements among the legal officials is helping the developing courts in Victoria and Queensland since 2002 in receiving the Nunga Court Model to suit the neighborhood conditions, ac cording to Lewis, (2014). The ABS Census of 2102 demonstrated that these Indigenous individuals wh

The Ever-Changing American Culture Essays - Organized Crime

The Ever-Changing American Culture The Ever-changing American Culture As Americans, we used to stress minimal over war, having enough to eat, travel, opportunity, and our most essential ordinary exercises. The lamentable occasions of September 11, 2001 have perpetually changed the American lifestyle. We have now gotten progressively worried about our physical wellbeing due to the couple of instances of Bacillus anthracis and the chance of increasingly organic fighting. We additionally stress over atomic fighting and the impacts it could have on our wellbeing and condition. Americans have positively gotten progressively energetic and associated with their families since September 11. A large portion of us watch the news determinedly to learn of any thrashing the United States has achieved in Afghanistan. A considerable lot of us are maintaining a strategic distance from the aircrafts and are not going through particularly cash. This has helped drive the economy further on the descending slant. The stock trade hit base on September 21 in the 8100 territo ry and is presently back more than 9900, which is directly at the cusp of being a positively trending market (Pellegrini). Oil costs have been dropping quickly and are presently around 17 dollars a barrel, which will assist with boosting our easing back economy. Joblessness rates will lamentably most likely continue as before. Labor, Inc. said Monday that its overview of United States organizations' recruiting expectations for the initial three months of 2002 scarcely enlisted a heartbeat, a shortcoming unheard of since the recessionary early long periods of 1991. Joblessness numbers will keep on ascending through the winter and spring even as and if a recuperation grabs hold (Pellegrini). Our dedication together to support the country's economy will guarantee a brilliant future. America's future is by all accounts dependent on our new thoughts shaped since September 11, however yet we despite everything carry on the issues of the past. There is as yet numerous Americans living in d estitution. There is as yet illicit medications that pervade our country with compulsion and wrongdoing that encompasses the medication exchange. There are numerous youngsters not getting decent instruction and a significant number of whom who are dreadful of savagery at our schools. It is up to us as Americans to confront these issues head on now like never before previously. The country's most significant issues to handle and change are our illicit medication issue, the absence of good training for those everything being equal, and to end the psychological oppressor circumstance. The United States War on Drugs has done little to stop the wellsprings of the issue and has just abused the client. The country's youngsters are frequently trying these unlawful medications at early ages regardless of medication training. These youngsters likewise happen to need about each subject when contrasted with different countries around the world. A significant number of the free countries of the world are managing fear based oppression and we as a whole trust in an answer that will forestall any further vicious acts submitted against guiltless individuals. The circumstance in Afghanistan really started in 1979 when the Soviet Union attacked their nation. The United States supported cash to the mujahedin, or heavenly warriors, for the sake of halting socialism. From this help, Afghanistan had the option to overcome the Soviet Union in 1989. However the nation turned out to be truly shaky after the war. Political force was fluctuating frequently and pioneers came all through force quickly. Ranchers turned to developing numerous medications, for example, poppies and weed and sold them around the world. Urban communities were destroyed. More than 5,000,000 Afghanis fled to different nations looking for a superior life. At the point when the Afghanis went to the United States for help in remaking our nation, we won't. This caused incredible outrage among the Afghani individuals coordinated toward the United States. This additionally lead to Mullah Mohammod Omar, the present head of Afghanistan, to shape a ground of men to revamp his nation. They are currently known as the Taliban. Omar's own depiction is, A straightforward band of committed young people resolved to set up the laws of God on Earth and arranged to forfeit everything in quest for that objective. The Taliban have numerous radical thinks including the possibility of the ceaseless blessed war or, jihad. Since the first shaping of the Taliban, they have assumed control more than 90 percent of Afghanistan with some help from Pakistan. Presently that

Night World Spellbinder Chapter 17 Free Essays

They exited to Eric’s jeep. The night air was freezing and there was no moon. Thea kept her hand on Eric’s back, prepared to press on the off chance that he delayed. We will compose a custom article test on Night World : Spellbinder Chapter 17 or on the other hand any comparable theme just for you Request Now Be that as it may, he never did. At the entryway of the jeep, Thea took a gander at Blaise. She was reluctant to show any articulation. Could Aradia see them? She needed urgently to give Blaise a last embrace. Aradia stated, â€Å"Is there a window from the shop onto this street?† Thea took a gander at Blaise. Blaise stated, â€Å"No.† â€Å"Then you can bid farewell. After this you’re must claim not to know each other.† Thea gazed at her, at that point felt a wild gagged laugh well up. â€Å"Now I know why you’re Maiden,† she stated, in an uncovered murmur. â€Å"But-does any other individual realize?† â€Å"l don’t think so. Some may ponder, yet I think they’ll keep their mouths shut. Bid farewell quick.† Thea embraced Blaise, couldn’t make herself let go. â€Å"Thank you. Goodness, Eileithyia, Blaise, I’ll miss you.† â€Å"Now I’m the remainder of the Harman line,† Blaise said in a terrible impersonation of a grinning voice. â€Å"I’ll have a room to myself,† she included increasingly convincing tones. â€Å"And I’m going to get Sheena good.† â€Å"Who?† â€Å"That’s right, you didn’t hear. She was the person who handed us over. She’s one of Tobias’s little sweethearts, Circle Midnight. It appears he’s been keeping an eye on us. He disclosed to her enough that she comprehended we were doing taboo spells, and she told Gran.† â€Å"It doesn’t matter now.† â€Å"Are you joking? I’m getting sent to the Convent. I’m going to slaughter her.† The chimes rang as Blaise hurled her head. At that point she fixed her hold on Thea. â€Å"I don’t know why you need to be with a human,† she murmured. â€Å"But I trust you continue needing it since you have it.† â€Å"Blaise, when you get back-please don’t hurt them any longer. They’re individuals. Really.† Blaise murmured reservedly; Thea could feel it. Be that as it may, all she stated, too delicately for Thea to hear, was, â€Å"I’ll miss you-sister.† At that point Thea could give up. At the point when she was in the jeep, Aradia inclined toward the open entryway. â€Å"Two things,† she said quickly. â€Å"And they’re all the assist I with canning give you. Mother Cybele referenced Circle Daybreak. I’ve heard gossipy tidbits that there hatchet witches some place who are firing it up once more. Witches who need to overlook the Burning Times, and who don’t hold to Night World law. I don’t know whether it’s valid. Be that as it may, on the off chance that it is, possibly you can discover it.† Thea’s breath was removed. The chance jumped inside her like some unheard of satisfaction. â€Å"And the other thing,† Aradia stated, with an uncommon grin right around a concise smile. â€Å"Word is that a portion of your Redfern cousins have begun going exceptional. I’ve even heard that they’re looking at discovering human perfect partners, much the same as you. You may attempt to get in touch with them and see what the story is.† Thea’s breath returned, and with it, tears. â€Å"Oh, Aradia. Thank you.† â€Å"Good karma, Thea. Furthermore, Eric. Both of you, any place you go.† Eric, who had been sitting unobtrusively in the driver's seat, contacted contact her hand delicately. â€Å"And you, too.† Thea could guess by his voice that he was confused and shocked, however he was doing whatever it takes not to show it. At that point they drove away. Thea pivoted to watch Blaise getting littler and littler. A little wind blew Blaise’s hair, and she resembled a dull and secretive Aphrodite, a goddess who consistently did what you least anticipated. Eric drove quick until they were a decent good ways from the shop, at that point pulled to the control on a little private road. He took a gander at Thea and said circumspectly, â€Å"Am I insusceptible to this stuff? Since I’m not overlooking anything. Or then again is it going to kick at whatever minute now?† Thea kissed him. At that point she started to giggle madly. â€Å"No. No.† â€Å"You mean we’re extremely protected? You’re going to keep your powers?† â€Å"Yes! Yes!† She needed to continue letting him know again and again to persuade him. Yet, at long last he got it and his face changed. Was changed by his lightning-jolt grin. He pressed her and shook her lastly leaped out of the jeep and hollered â€Å"All right! Approach to go, Blaise! Good! Yes!† â€Å"Eric!† He beat the jeep. â€Å"Eric, get back in, you imbecile! There may be Night People around.† Then, despite everything chuckling wildly with adoration and appreciation and the alleviation of strain, she stated, â€Å"Come in here.† And she held out her arms. He hopped back in. They fit together consummately, his arms around her, his breath against her hair. â€Å"I’m so happy,† he said. â€Å"I love you, witch.† Thea was chuckling and crying immediately. â€Å"I love you, too.† He kissed her sanctuary. She kissed his cheek. At that point he kissed her mouth and remained there for quite a while. Also, Thea overlooked giggling, overlooked that there was a world outside both of them. And afterward they sat together in the dimness, leaning against one another, simply relaxing. Safe. Associated. Thea was with somebody who knew her, who saw what she saw. Her perfect partner. What's more, they were liberated to be with one another, without being pursued, unafraid. She was loaded up with bliss and quietness. What's more, with calm pity, as well. It wasn’t as though this fresh start came free. She despite everything was an outcast, cut off from her family. Gran was lost to her. In the event that she saw Blaise, it would need to be covertly. She’d surrendered a great deal. Nearly everything. Be that as it may, she didn’t think twice about it. Not with Eric warm and strong in her arms. Not with the Night World spared from common war, and the risk to the people here finished. What's more, what now? she pondered. Unusually, despite the fact that there was no reasonable answer, she didn’t feel apprehensive. She could picture numerous prospects, and they all appeared to be similarly likely. Presently they would go to Eric’s house, and Eric’s mother would be astounded however liberal, and Roz would be fierce yet charmed. Furthermore, one week from now Thea would return to class and move into respects zoology. She would get a grant to Davis and become a vet and utilize her forces to discover what wasn't right with debilitated creatures. Or then again she would wind up keen on wolves or elephants and would turn into a naturalist and visit faraway spots to examine them. Or on the other hand she and Eric would receive a pup like Bud and compose a book together to assist individuals with understanding their canines. Or then again she would discover Circle Daybreak and meet witches who needed to overlook the Burning Times. What's more, they would be the first to reintroduce people to enchantment, and Rosamund would grow up wild and glad, knowing all the legends of Hellewise. Or on the other hand she would discover her vampire cousins and check whether the perfect partner standard was truly returning. Also, their gathering would resemble a magnet, pulling in other youthful Night People with radical thoughts, beginning an underground upset. Perhaps another age of Redferns and Harmans were framing collusions with people. Possibly it was the ideal opportunity for contempt to stop. Perhaps the old forces were waking and new occasions were coming. Possibly the world was going to change. Just a single thing was certain. There were boundless prospects. She held Eric and felt his breathing and found a sense of contentment with the night. [The End] Step by step instructions to refer to Night World : Spellbinder Chapter 17, Essay models

My Attitude To Fracking In USA - Free Essay Example

There are a lot of things in The United States of America , methods , that a lot of others dont exactly agree with. Whether that is tThe President , where our government is headed , Congress , etc. One of the most controversial topics of America is fFracking. Fracking , a method that is when a mixture of water , rock and sand are drilled into the deepest rock with the highest pressure. With this method , comes a lot of pros and cons. Fracking can help reach resources of oil and gas that are difficult to reach , it boosted our oil production and it helps with our gas prices. However , there always seems to be consequences. Fracking causes earthquakes , not only that but it causes many homes that have families to have contaminated water. Those are only to worry about , unfortunately.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   My claim for this is that I believe that Fracking should not be used , at all. Benefits are effective and are pretty obvious to see , but there is just too much at stake. Benefits that do help human beings but with a price , it affects everything else too. I do not believe that we should use fracking as there is too much at stake , between contaminated water to really bad earthquakes. Earthquakes that can damage homes ,to breaking tens of thousands of systems that people use for everyday life. These consequences as well , they last for a long time and fracking doesnt do a thing to help.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   There are multiple concerns that are caused by the consequences of fracking and one of these concerns are environmental concerns. Animals are suffering these consequences , they are dying. Which also affects their ecosystems and their habitats. Fracking uses huge amounts of water that cost a lot of money that can be used to go feed the homeless or to help those who dont have health insurance. During fracking , chemicals that are dangerous are released and it results in contaminated water. Fracking causes a lot of consequences, more consequences than benefits. Professionals have stated that fracking isnt just a controversial topic , it distracts others from what is really important . Not setting a good example as it teaches others to use fossil fuels instead of renewable sources of energy.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Fracking ,itself is a damaging method. Drilling multiple holes into the earth to pump a nasty mixture of water , salt and sand , that isnt healthy. It seems that fracking causes more consequences than benefits , which it does. Benefits that help everybody but like I have said previously , too much is at stake. Its not healthy for the earth to pump in water , sand and salt. Its not healthy to have earthquakes that destroyed thousands of home and systems. It is not healthy to have animals go extinct . It is not healthy to have families drink contaminated water , and instead of spreading pollution we should be trying to stop it.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   To finish up this C-E-R, I do not believe we should use fracking. It is not healthy for the earth which is already suffering from pollution and climate change. Fracking have been banned from national parks. Many say that fracking is dirty fossil fuel that doesnt do anything but damage the earth , which I agree with. If fracking continues , the effect will spread. More earthquakes will happen , they will be stronger and longer . Contaminated water will spread as well as pollutions . Animals will die off , eventually their environments will too and that will affect our environment.

Harriet Tubm Conductor Of The Underground Railroad

Harriet Tubman: Conductor of the Underground Railroad â€Å"On my Underground Railroad, I never ran my train off the track and I never lost a passenger† (Petry, 15). The story of Harriet Tubman began when she was born into slavery in 1820 on the plantation of Edward Brodas. Tubman was born on a plantation on the eastern Maryland shore during a time that was being plagued with economic uncertainty. More slaves were living with increased anxiety during this time. Along with the economic hardships, slaves were being sold to traders further south leaving their families behind (Petry, 17). Many of the slaves that lived on Brodas’ plantation lived on the words that they would be freed when he died. Many of the stories written describe Harriet Tubman’s early years as the ones of a typical slave life. Harriet’s mother, who was known as Old Rit, was one on those promised freedom when Brodas died along with her children (Petry, 28). Old Rit had ten children not incl uding Harriet. Like any mother who had children in that time line, Old Rit worried that her children would be sold into slavery before Brodas died still leaving them as slaves once she was freed (Petry, 36). There was talk amongst the slaves that a movement was taking place that would restrict their freedom. Denmark Vesey, who was already a free slave, was planning a rebellion when he was caught and hanged (Petry, 42). When Harriet was a mere six years of age, she was told by the over looker of the children that she wouldShow MoreRelatedHarriet Tubm Conductor On The Underground Railroad2006 Words   |  9 Pageslife without being able to read or write, she still managed to lead a self-fulfilling life. This woman is Harriet Tubman. In the book, Harriet Tubman: Conductor on the Underground Railroad, Ann Petry goes through her major stages of her life. First, the book starts out sometime in 1821, on the Brodas Plantation in Dorchester County, Maryland where Harriet was born. Ben Ross and Harriet Greene (Old Rit), who were both well respected by the plantation owner and the other slaves, had just had anotherRead MoreHarriet Tubman and Emily Murphy- Exploring Attributes of Great Leaders1278 Words   |  6 PagesEvery leader had to start somewhere; they all had to have a reason to become a great leader. They have developed strong attributes to overcome their struggles and challenges. Great leaders like Harriet Tubman and Emily Murphy, who have had the courage to take action in the world and have had great confidence to achieve their goals. They are among the people, who through centuries have made a difference. Who have fought for their rights and surpassed difficult obstacles in their lives to completeRead MoreHarriet Tubman Essay2304 Words   |  10 PagesHarriet Tubman By Blake Snider December 5, 2010 Professor J Arrieta Seminar Critical Inquiry Harriet Tubman is a woman of faith and dignity who saved many African American men and women through courage and love for God. One would ponder what would drive someone to bring upon pain and suffering to one’s self just to help others. Harriet Tubman was an African American women that took upon many roles during her time just as abolitionist, humanitarian, and a UnionRead MoreHistory of Civil Rights in America Essay1515 Words   |  7 Pagesand whites. As African-Americans began to grow more bold and created ties to one another the Underground Railroad was formed to help slaves escape the South into free northern states and Canada. One of the most famous conductors of the Underground Railroad was Harriet Tubman. â€Å"In the 12 years from her escape in 1849 to the beginning of the Civil War in 1861, Harriet Tubman and the Underground Railroad became the most dominant force of abolitionism† (â€Å"Women in History†, 2012). She was known to many

Proprietary Technologies And Infrastructural Technologies

In 2003, Carr published a controversial article â€Å"IT Doesn’t Matter† that put IT in a different light. Carr makes a distinction between proprietary technologies and infrastructural technologies. He argues that proprietary technologies are those that can be â€Å"actually or effectively owned by a single company† (Carr, 2013, p. 42). Proprietary technologies can create strategic advantage as long as they remain protected, and can provide companies with a lot of profit. Meanwhile, Infrastructural technologies provide greater value when shared. Technologies move from proprietary to infrastructure as they mature. Moreover, Carr asserts that IT has lost its strategic value. He argues that IT is no longer strategic because it has stopped to be scarce goods. In addition, he mentions that profit margins on IT related innovations will disappear. This argument is based on capital intensive goods such as railroads and steam engines. I disagree with this statement. IT should not be compared to such goods. The marginal cost of IT products does not increase with greater scale. Thus, any business that can decrease marginal cost by installing IT can make IT investments profits large and gain improved strategic value. Furthermore, Carr argues that IT is primarily transport technology, and because everyone got access to IT, it’s no longer offers an advantage. I disagree with Carr. IT provides the primary means for increasing the companies’ knowledge capital. IT helps businesses manage â€Å"theShow MoreRelatedProprietary Technologies Vs. Infrastructural Technology1246 Words   |  5 PagesProprietary technologies vs. Infrastructural technology Proprietary technologies can be owned, actively and effectively, at times by a single company. For instance, a pharmaceutical holding a patent on a particular compound that is the basis for a drug is an example of proprietary technologies. 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Internet based computing is known as cloudRead MoreE-Banking in Bangladesh3396 Words   |  14 PagesBanking is essential, Banks are not  ». This quotation means that the traditional bank branch is going to vanish in order to be surrogated by Electronic Banking which continues to attract new users. The Banking industry believes that by adopting new technology, the Banks will be able to improve customer service level and tie their customers closer to the Bank. Meanwhile, the Banking industry has been also looking for new methods to expand its customer base and to counteract the aggressive marketing effort

Profile of the Science Museum Essay Example For Students

Profile of the Science Museum Essay The following report details the results of the profiling of the Science Museums virtual audience. The work forms part of a larger project to gain a detailed understanding of the demographic and psycho-graphic profile of our total audience both physical and virtual. It is therefore run in conjunction with a survey of actual visitors to the Museum. Both Web and physical audience surveys will be run as longitudinal projects, so that we can build up a picture of fluctuations and changes in the profile over the coming years. METHODOLOGY The following report is based on responses to a short pop-up survey, which was posted on the Science Museum homepage on Monday 6 August 2001. Log data were also used to supply additional information on virtual visiting patterns.  A cookie was employed to discourage visitors from completing the survey more than once, and to avoid irritating regular visitors. However, a link was provided further down the site so that anyone who had initially closed the survey could go back and fill it in later. Survey responses were collected in the course of one 24-hour day. The survey was available for the full 24 hours to avoid excluding users accessing the site at night or in different time zones. A total of 252 responses were collected, representing 5.5% of the 4600 visitors to the site during the 24 hours of the survey period.  While the pop-up survey dealt specifically with the Science Museum Website, the questions were closely linked to those used to profile the Museums physical visitors. This allows us to compare the data and look at both physical and virtual visiting patterns. The Web survey was developed in close collaboration with the Science Museums Web Management Group. The demographic questions within the survey had been extensively piloted through prior use in the physical survey.  Note of caution  It should be noted that the survey was up on the Website for one day during the summer holidays. It therefore represents a snapshot of visitors at a particular time of year, rather than a conclusive summary of annual visiting patterns. The survey will be repeated during the autumn term, and at intervals throughout the year to explore seasonal fluctuations in visiting patterns. The return rate of 5.5% represents a relatively high response rate for web surveys where return rates of 2% 4% are standard. However, it should be noted that the responses of the sample taken may not be representative of the total population of Web visitors.  Please note that the physical audience profiling data has only been collected for 6 months. Therefore figures quoted for the physical visitor profile below may alter once a full years data has been included. The data given for physical visitors excludes school groups to allow the best comparison for the Web survey, which was taken during school holidays. The following graph shows fluctuations in patterns of Website visiting over the past two years. It is difficult to interpret the individual peaks and troughs in the graph due to changes in collection methods. However, the overall trend is an increase in visitor numbers to the site.  Note on search phrases  The log data also provides data on search phrases used to access the site from external search engines. This data provides interesting information on the sorts of topics users are interested in when they enter the site. An initial review of the data showed that a very wide range of search phrases are being used. A high proportion of these comprised combinations of the words science and museum. A detailed analysis of the search phrases would give an idea of the most common topics under which visitors enter the site. However, because of the amount and range of data, this analysis would need to be done separately to this report.  Acknowledgements  Thank you to Mike Ellis and Daniel Evans for their help with this project.